Important Tips to Maintain Your PC

1.   New computer viruses may bring trouble even with anti-virus software installed. Unless you keep the virus definitions up-to-date your PC and important data are at risk. Do everything you can to keep your system virus free. In today’s world never use your PC without an up to date, active, and effective anti-virus program. Many anti-virus programs charge you an annual fee. AVG and AntiVir Personal are excellent free anti-virus programs for consumers. Avira AntiVir Premium and ESET's NOD32 are currently two of the best business antivirus programs.

2.   Never use the trial software that comes preinstalled on a brand name PC. Why? Because its a trap to get you to pay more than you would for the same software purchased on sale, or to dissuade you from using a superior competitors software. MS had OEM's, except small firms like ours, preinstall Office 2007 by dangling a tiny payment for each user that winds up having to pay for it when it becomes unusable after the trial period is over. If you want MS Office 2007, determine which of the many versions you want and then pick it up on sale. Retail version may be installed on two computers. Retail version of Office 2007 Home and Student may be installed on three PCs. Preinstalled OEM MS Office 2007 is limited to the PC it came installed on.

3.   Make frequent backups of your data files. Why take a chance? Save your data to another PC on a network, to a flash drive, or to a CD or DVD recordable drive. Backing up onto your own computer, where your original files are, won't help if the hard drive dies, gets corrupted, or the system is hit by an electrical surge caused by a nearby lightning strike. One complete backup weekly is recommended with daily incremental backups if you are using the PC as an integral part of a business or organization. Home users should also backup all important files. Don’t learn the hard way! Back up your data locally. Windows and all your programs can be reinstalled, but your data files (spreadsheets, documents, and graphics) will be gone forever if not backed up. Acronis True Image is highly recommended when used with a network attached storage drive. Modify the default settings of any imaging program to verify each backup so the system will be ready to restore your entire hard drive when it is needed. Maxtor One Touch 4 Mini, or Maxtor One Touch 4 is also an excellent system as it comes with its own imaging program and a boot CD so that you can restore your latest backup image in event of a hard drive crash. Maxtor OneTouch 4 Mini uses a 2.5 inch hard drive and is powered by the computers USB 2.0 port, making it truly portable and easy to use. For best security do not leave it plugged into your PC as overwhelming power surges that could damage your PC will also damage the attached drive. A secondary way is to backup your important files over the Internet with sites such as mozy.com, which gives you 2-GB of storage for free. This is useful if you have a broadband connection. 

4.   For security purposes computers running Windows XP with more than one user account should ALWAYS set up the additional users as Limited Accounts, or have them use a Guest Account. This helps prevent installation of malicious programs. All legitimate programs should be installed by the main user (also the Administrator) with access allowed by all users. The main account should be password protected to insure curious people will not subvert the established security levels of your PC. Windows Vista’s user account control makes setting up a limited account less important. A Guest account is still a good idea to protect your computer.

5.   Never click on a link to any website that is listed in an e-mail whether it is from a stranger or from a known acquaintance, unless you expected the e-mail. It may unknowingly be a link to trouble as spammers use aliases. You can avoid malware written into the code of digital pictures by setting your local e-mail program to read all e-mail in plain text. After doing so, all the nice formatting and pictures will not be viewable; neither will porn, spam, or digital picture viruses. Web based e-mail services, like Yahoo and Hotmail, are imperfect, but usually keep their spam and virus filters up to date.

6.   Spyware has become insidious. It is installed automatically with most files downloaded through peer to peer file sharing programs like KaZaa, Warez, Gnutella, LimeWire, eMule, Morpheus, Blubster, and the various Torrents. A fast way to get infected is by using IMs. Never accept file transfers that you didn't ask for and know are safe while using any Instant Messaging program, or click on any unsolicited links. Use legal download sites only, such as iTunes. Spyware is also silently, and insidiously, installed with many “free” Internet offers, like Save, New.net, Home Search (CoolWWW), Hotbar, free screensavers or cursors. Be careful as the “evil-doers” change their program names often. Your PC will slow down, sometimes significantly, after Spyware is on your computer. To avoid Spyware, do not install any free programs that have not been professionally reviewed as free of Spyware. To remove Spyware and keep your Internet and PC activity private, and to keep your PC running at normal speed, you will need to run several programs that remove the spybots and spyware. We recommend Windows Defender, Spybot Search and Destroy 1.5.2, SuperAntiSpware, along with A-squared Free. If these free but valuable programs are not preinstalled on your PC, you can go to Google to find download sites to help you clean spyware from your system. Do not download rogue programs with similar sounding names as they will make your system worse. Follow each program’s directions and help files as needed. We recommend that you run your anti-spyware programs weekly to clean garbage from your computer. Before running each program check for updates on the Internet to insure you have the latest protection. Additional programs may be needed as attackers change their tactics. The latest versions of Sunbelt Counter Spy and Webroot Spysweeper are quite effective when used in conjunction with the free programs we recommend, but require an annual subscription after a free trial period. If you find spyware or viruses, turn off System Restore in XP, run all the utilities again. Turn System Restore back on when you are certain all the malware has been removed.

7.   Always connect and remove all cables from the computer with the power turned off and the power cable unplugged. The only exceptions are USB (Universal Serial Bus) and FireWire cables. They are designed to have cables plugged in and removed with the PC on and running.

8.   If your computer locks up, shut down and restart the PC. In Windows XP, go to Windows Explorer, right mouse click on the C drive, select Properties, and click the Tools tab, in the Error Checking area left mouse click on the Check Now box, click on both boxes, and click Start. Windows will tell you that it cannot run the program and ask if you want to run it at the next reboot. Select YES. Go to the Start button and restart the PC. Upon rebooting a utility will run and fix any error that may have occurred. Windows will restart normally after the chkdsk utility completes. The test may take ten minutes or so to run and fix any file errors caused by the lockup.

9.   Save all program disks, manuals, product keys and serial numbers for all software that you buy and keep them accessible. You will need them if it is necessary to reload Windows at some point in time. A new OEM PC for J & R PC will have a Genuine Microsoft Windows sticker attached to the case, unless you had Linux installed. A Windows product key can only be used on one PC. Do not use the product key on another PC.

10.  If you want to remove a program for whatever reason, run Uninstall from the “Add or Remove Programs” Icon in Control Panel. Do not manually delete Windows or any program files. Manually deleting program files using Explorer or other file utilities will create system and registry errors and may cause problems such as lockups, blue screens, or unexplained slow operation.

11.  If your system came with AC powered speakers, turn them off when not in use or when you don’t want to hear sound while using the PC. Control the volume using the speaker’s volume control. While there is a software volume control built into Windows, it is most useful for setting the various device levels, microphone, CD, line, and system .wav files so they are all about the same volume during operation.

12.  Do not change the CMOS or BIOS settings (done at PC start up by pressing the Delete, or other specific, key when prompted on screen) unless you are certain you know what will happen and what you are doing. This is not an area to experiment on as some incorrect settings will prevent the PC from functioning.

13.  Never use the CD or DVD for any other version of Windows to add or remove system components. Use only the disc that you received with your computer. Only install programs and drivers designed specifically for the version of Windows on your particular PC, or you are likely to experience problems. If you have Windows XP or Vista and need to run an older program that will not install on XP or Vista, you can install Microsoft Virtual PC which lets you install an older version of Windows in a virtual machine and safely run older programs on the older version of Windows, which is running in a virtual space in your newer Windows version. Expect some issues when doing this and do so only if absolutely necessary. Running virtual machines requires a minimum of 2-GB of RAM to run both your native OS and the virtual OS at an acceptable speed. Do not attempt to install hardware or software that were designed for older version of Windows (3.1, 95, 98, Me) . While many of the older products work okay with Windows XP, not all do so. In fact, some older products can damage your Windows installation and require a clean install or restore of a working disk image. Windows Vista is even pickier. If you think a Mac will be better, consider that you will need to replace ALL of your software when moving from Windows to a Mac.

14.  Contrary to popular belief you can create problems by arbitrarily hitting various keys. There are key combinations that cause actions. You will become familiar with keyboard shortcuts over time. They are usually shown next to menu selections that have associated keyboard shortcuts. For example, pressing the Ctrl and the C keys at the same time will copy into memory text, and/or graphics, highlighted or selected in a program. Ctrl & V pastes the text (or graphics) into the same or another program.

15.  J&R PC is not responsible for data problems or errors caused by humans of other beings while using your computer. When unsure how to do something in Windows, check the help files built into every Windows program and the operating system itself.

16. Your J&R PC is energy saving. There is no need to use screen savers. In fact, we recommend against the use of screen savers as monitors do not “burn-in” like older model monitors did. Typically, we set up your PC to turn off the monitor after 20 minutes. Simply move the mouse to turn it  back on.

17.  Organize your files right from the beginning. Most people don’t and as a result cannot easily find a file they remember saving sometime in the past. We recommend the following. Under the “My Documents” folder create subfolders for all users. For each user create subfolders that are appropriate for them. We recommend you use another subfolder for each year. This essentially gives you an electronic file cabinet with all your data in one folder. When given a choice in any program you are running save the file to your centralized location. Nothing is easier to backup than a single folder that contains all your data files.

18.  If for some reason you cannot find a file on your computer, use the built in search feature. Vista's file searching is quite fast and intuitive. Here’s what to do for finding a file in XP: move your mouse down to the bottom of the screen and click on the Start button.  Move your mouse up to Find, and then click “Files or Folders”.  You can type in the name of the file you want to locate, and where you want to look for it.  “Include subfolders” means it will look in every folder within your selection.  For example, if you choose to look in the C drive, and the include subfolders button is checked, it will look in every folder on your C drive. If you know the file name started with “Bill” but don’t know the entire file name, type bill*.* this will tell the computer to find all files types that start with the four letters in bill. To search in Vista start typing as soon as you click on the Start orb. 

19.  Use a UPS (uninterruptible power supply) to ensure clean power enters the PC and to prevent shutdown, and corresponding lost data or corrupt files, during brown outs or power outages. A minimum power rating of 350 VA is recommended. One of the main reasons to use a UPS is to prevent power supply stress during periods of voltage drops, which occur most often during the summer. If your power completely stops, the UPS will give you about five minutes to save your work and shut down the PC. You will have piece of mind after you put one to use. A UPS normally lasts three years.

20. The pop-up blocker on your PC, if turned on, usually requires that you hold down the left Ctrl key while clicking a link that is to a useful pop-up window or to open a related second browser window.

21. When burning a DVD or a high speed CD you may need to disable the PC's anti-virus program for best results. This is usually necessary on older underpowered machines. Make sure that you re-enable the anti-virus program as soon as the disk is successfully burned.

22. If you start hearing clicking or dull clanging sounds from your PC, the hard disk drive may be failing. Back up all data immediately and have the drive tested and replaced if needed. Or, turn the PC off and call us at (309) 523-3168.